Glutathione

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide incorporating a non-standard γ-peptide bond between glutamic acid and cysteine — the gamma-linkage through the glutamate side chain carboxyl group rather than the standard alpha-carboxyl group. This structural feature has been characterized in published studies as conferring resistance to peptidase activity in laboratory cell models. The free thiol (-SH) group on the cysteine residue at position 2 is the primary functional site characterized in oxidative stress pathway research. Investigated in preclinical and in vitro laboratory models examining intracellular redox pathway modulation, GSH/GSSG ratio dynamics in cell research models, glutathione S-transferase pathway research, xenobiotic metabolism pathway signaling, mitochondrial glutathione pool pathway research, and gamma-glutamyl cycle signaling. One of the most extensively characterized antioxidant molecules in published biochemistry and molecular biology research literature, with documented co-substrate roles in multiple enzyme pathway research systems. For Research Use Only — Not for Human or Veterinary Use.