MOTS-C

MOTS-C is a synthetic 16-amino acid peptide corresponding to the sequence of a mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) encoded by a short open reading frame within the 12S rRNA gene of the mitochondrial genome — a non-canonical peptide coding location first characterized by Lee and Cohen at the University of Southern California (2015). The peptide's high cationic charge density — arising from three arginine residues at positions 2, 13, and 16 and lysine at position 14 — has been associated with nuclear localization signaling activity under metabolic stress conditions in laboratory cell models. Investigated in preclinical and in vitro laboratory models examining AMPK pathway activity, skeletal muscle metabolic signaling pathway research, insulin signaling pathway modulation, fatty acid oxidation pathway signaling, mitochondrial-nuclear communication research, and intracellular metabolic pathway signaling. One of the most recently characterized mitochondrial-derived peptides in the published research literature, with primary characterization studies published in peer-reviewed journals examining mitochondrial peptide biology. For Research Use Only — Not for Human or Veterinary Use.